Role of planting dates on production, juice quality, physiology and antioxidant enzymes of Sugarcane bud nodes under semi-arid conditions
Keywords:
Antioxidant enzymes, Juice quality, Planting dates, Sprouting establishment, Sugarcane bud nodesAbstract
Late plantation through conventional methods significantly decreased sugarcane production and juice quality due to high temperature and short period for growth. These causes lead to restricted physiological activities that ultimately resulted in the form of lower cane production. Timely planted sugarcane propagated through bud nodes improved sugarcane production; however, limited literature is available on planting dates of sugarcane especially bud nodes in improving sugarcane production. Sugarcane bud nodes were scooped with Bud chips/Bud node Scooping Machine (Intellectual Property Organization Karachi Pakistan; Patent Number 143641). The study was conducted during continuous years 2018 and 2019, to investigate the role of planting dates in improving production, juice quality, physiology and antioxidant enzymes growth of sugarcane propagated through bud nodes. Four planting dates, P1 = 20th February, P2 = 10th March, P3 = 30th March and P4 = 20th April were included in the study. Planting at 10th March significantly improved production, juice quality, physiological traits and antioxidant enzymes compared to 20th February, 30th March and 20th April plantation. During 2018 and 2019, 10th March led to 83 and 80% higher sprouting establishment, due to a significant increase in bud nodes led to increased number of millable canes (42.10 and 45.71%), cane height (31.66 and 23.57%), cane diameter (22.97 and 23.98%), cane yield (58.01 and 58.56%) at the harvest stage. Significant sprouting establishment increased the juice quality traits compared to 20th April sugarcane bud nodes planting. The March 10th planting increased total chlorophyll (10.02 and 10.37%), carotenoids (7.48 and 8.83%), total soluble sugars (2.88 and 2.89%), reducing sugars (2.52% and 2.81%), proline (1.78 and 2.16%), glycine betaine (4.90 and 4.45%). These significant changes were due to timely response of antioxidant enzymes in vivo. In Crux, 10th March planting date is recommended for higher yield and productivity.
References
Ali, A., Saddiqa, A., Shah, S. T., & Fatima, H. (2021). In vitro response of sugarcane buds by the application of various sterilants. Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 4(1), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.63072/aab.21001
Almodares, A., & Darany, S. M. (2006). Effects of planting date and time of nitrogen application on yield and sugar content of sweet sorghum. Journal of Environmental Biology, 27(3), 601–605.
Andrade, A. J., Araújo, S., Santana, G. M., Ohi, M., & Dalsenter, P. R. (2002). Reproductive effects of deltamethrin on male offspring of rats exposed during pregnancy and lactation. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 36(3), 310–317.
Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2005). Pre-sowing seed treatment—A shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy, 88, 223–271.
Balole, T. V. (2003). Strategies to improve yield and quality of sweet sorghum as a cash crop for small scale farmers in Botswana [Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria].
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. A., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1), 205–207.
Beyer, W. F., & Fridovich, I. (1987). Assaying for superoxide dismutase activity: Some large consequences of minor changes in conditions. Analytical Biochemistry, 161(2), 559–566.
Biksham, G. (2011). A methodology to improve cane productivity: Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative Draft (SSI). Sugarcane Breeding Institute and Natural Resources Management Centre.
Bita, C., & Gerats, T. (2013). Plant tolerance to high temperature in a changing environment: Scientific fundamentals and production of heat stress-tolerant crops. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4, 48753.
Bonnett, G. D., Hewitt, M. L., & Glassop, D. (2006). Effects of high temperature on the growth and composition of sugarcane internodes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 57(9), 1087–1095.
Cakmak, I., & Marschner, H. (1992). Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean leaves. Plant Physiology, 98(4), 1222–1227.
Cavalcanti, F. R., Oliveira, J. T. A., Martins-Miranda, A. S., Viégas, R. A., & Silveira, J. A. G. (2004). Superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities do not confer protection against oxidative damage in salt-stressed cowpea leaves. New Phytologist, 163(3), 563–571.
Chen, J. C., & Chou, C. C. (1993). Cane sugar handbook: A manual for cane sugar manufacturers and their chemists. John Wiley & Sons.
da Silva, A. J., Cabeda, M. S., & Carvalho, F. G. D. (2006). Organic matter and physical properties of a Cohesive Yellow Argisol under different management systems with sugar cane. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 10(3), 579–585.
Daneshmand, F., Arvin, M. J., & Kalantari, K. M. (2010). Physiological responses to NaCl stress in three wild species of potato in vitro. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 32(1), 91–101.
Dharmawardene, M. W. N. (2006). Trends in farm mechanization by sugarcane small land holders in Sri Lanka. Sugar Tech, 8(1), 16–22.
El-Gergawy, A. S. S., & El-Shafai, A. M. A. (2000). Yield and quality of some sugar cane varieties as affected by planting date. Journal of Agricultural Science, Mansoura University, 25(7), 3753–3760.
Farooq, M. A., Ali, S., Hameed, A., Bharwana, S. A., Rizwan, M., Ishaque, W., & Iqbal, Z. (2016). Cadmium stress in cotton seedlings: Physiological, photosynthesis and oxidative damages alleviated by glycinebetaine. South African Journal of Botany, 104, 61–68.
Ghaffar, A., Akbar, N., Khan, S. H., Jabran, K., Hashmi, R. Q., Iqbal, A., & Ali, M. A. (2012). Effect of trench spacing and micronutrients on growth and yield of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Australian Journal of Crop Science, 6(1), 1–9.
Govt. of Pakistan. (2021-2022). Economic Survey of Pakistan. Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan. pp. 11-34.
Grieve, C. M., & Grattan, S. R. (1983). Rapid assay for determination of water soluble quaternary ammonium compounds. Plant and Soil, 70(2), 303–307.
Heath, R. L., & Packer, L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125(1), 189–198.
Hoy, J. W., Arceneaux, A. E., & Savario, C. F. (2006). Effects of date and rate of billet planting on sugarcane yield. Journal of the American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, 26, 116–124.
Imlay, J. A. (2003). Pathways of oxidative damage. Annual Review of Microbiology, 57, 395–418.
Inman-Bamber, N. G., & Smith, D. M. (2005). Water relations in sugarcane and response to water deficits. Field Crops Research, 92(2-3), 185–202.
Inman-Bamber, N. G., Muchow, R. C., & Robertson, M. J. (2002). Dry matter partitioning of sugarcane in Australia and South Africa. Field Crops Research, 76(1), 71–84.
Jain, R. (2011). Bud chip nurseries—history, methods of raising, results of germination studies. In First National Seminar on Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI): A Methodology to Improve Cane Productivity (pp. 13–16).
Jain, R., Chandra, A., Shrivastava, A. K., & Solomon, S. (2014). Bud chip technology for rapid seed multiplication and improving cane yield. Indian Farming, 63(10), 24–27.
Jaleel, C. A., Gopi, R., Sankar, B., Gomathinayagam, M., & Panneerselvam, R. (2008). Differential responses in water use efficiency in two varieties of Catharanthus roseus under drought stress. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 331(1), 42–47.
Jintrawet, A., Laohasiriwong, S., & Lairuengroeng, C. (2000, August). Predicting the effect of planting dates on sugarcane performance in Thailand. In Proceedings of International CANEGRO Workshop (pp. 4–7).
Kabiraj, R. C., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M. A., & Alam, K. S. (2007). Performance of some sugarcane varieties in Northern Region of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Sugarcane, 29, 110–114.
Khan, G. S. (1986). Need for international crosschecking and correlation in soil analysis for international classification systems. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Forum on Soil Taxonomy and Agro-Technology Transfer: Soil Survey of Pakistan (Vol. 1, pp. 276–293).
Kumar, N. (2020). Enhancing sugarcane plant–ratoon productivity through bud chip transplanting geometry. Sugar Tech, 22, 208–215.
Kumar, N., & Kumar, V. (2020). Production potential and nitrogen fractionation of sugarcane-based cropping system as influenced by planting materials and nitrogen nutrition. Sugar Tech, 22, 622–629.
Kumar, N., Kumar, V., Kishor, K., & Singh, A. K. (2024). Optimizing nutrient application and nitrogen transformation to maximize the growth and productivity of bud chip transplanted sugarcane. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 47(16), 2583–2596.
Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(87)48036-1
Lingle, S. E., Viator, R. P., Johnson, R. M., Tew, T. L., & Boykin, D. L. (2009). Recurrent selection for sucrose content has altered growth and sugar accumulation in sugarcane. Field Crops Research, 113(3), 306–311.
Loganandhan, N., Gujja, B., Goud, V. V., & Natarajan, U. S. (2013). Sustainable sugarcane initiative (SSI): A methodology of ‘More with Less’. Sugar Tech, 15(1), 98–102.
Lokhande, V. H., Srivastava, S., Patade, S., Dwivedi, S., Tripathi, R. D., Nikam, T. D., & Suprasanna, P. (2011). Investigation of arsenic accumulation and tolerance potential of Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. Chemosphere, 82(4), 529–534.
Maestri, E., Klueva, N., Perrotta, C., Gulli, M., Nguyen, H. T., & Marmiroli, N. (2002). Molecular genetics of heat tolerance and heat shock proteins in cereals. Plant Molecular Biology, 48(5), 667–681.
Minitab Incorporated. (2000). Minitab: Release 13 for Windows.
Mir, K., & Khan, N. (Eds.). (2017). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant systems in plants: Role and regulation under abiotic stress. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5254-5
Mohamed, B. D., & El-Taib, A. B. A. (2007). Evaluation of some spring planted sugar cane genotypes under different growing seasons: 2-Yield components, cane and sugar yield performance. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 38, 17–29.
Munsif, F., Zahid, M., Arif, M., Ali, K., & Ahmad, I. (2018). Influence of planting date on yield and quality of sugarcane under the agro-climatic conditions of Mardan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 34(3), 649-655.
Nakano, Y., & Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant and Cell Physiology, 22(5), 867–880.
Okaz, A. M., Mohamed, B. D., Abd-El-Haleem, S. H. M., & Yousif, E. M. M. (2011). Stability parameters of cane yield and its components under various planting dates and interrow spacing for ten sugarcane genotypes (Saccharum spp.). Journal of Agricultural Science, Mansoura University.
Paknejad, F., Nasri, M., Moghadam, H. T., Zahedi, H., & Alahmadi, M. J. (2007). Effects of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content and grain yield of wheat cultivars. Journal of Biological Sciences, 7, 841–847.
Parry, M. A., Reynolds, M., Salvucci, M. E., Raines, C., Andralojc, P. J., Zhu, X. G., & Furbank, R. T. (2011). Raising yield potential of wheat. II. Increasing photosynthetic capacity and efficiency. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62(2), 453–467.
Qudsieh, H. Y. M., Yusof, S., Osman, A., & Rahman, R. A. (2002). Effect of maturity on chlorophyll, tannin, color, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum Var. Yellow Cane). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(6), 1615–1618.
Radhika Desikan, R. D., Cheung ManKim, C. M., Bright, J., Henson, D., Hancock, J. T., & Neill, S. J. (2004). ABA, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide signalling in stomatal guard cells. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55(395), 205-212.
Rahman, M. S., Islam, M. S., Amanullah, A. S. M., Islam, M. A., & Ohiduzzaman, M. (2010). Potentiality of seven sugarcane varieties in high Ganges River flood plain soils of Bangladesh. International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Technology, 6(2), 4–7.
Rahman, U.-U. (2025). Effectiveness of World Wide Fund advisory services for integrated pest and disease management in sugarcane farming in Jhang, Pakistan. Journal of Plant Production and Sustainability, 1(1), 33–49. https://doi.org/10.63072/jpps.25004
Rana, L., Banerjee, H., Mazumdar, D., Ray, K., Sarkar, S., Garai, S., & Nayak, J. (2020). Response of maize (Zea mays) hybrids to spatio-temporal variation in planting. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 65(3), 290–296.
Rana, L., Kumar, N., Rajput, J., Kumar, A., Nalia, A., & Singh, A. K. (2023). Planting methods enhanced the cane yield and input use efficiency in sugarcane—an overview. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 14(10), 1448–1453.
Rasheed, R., Iqbal, M., Ashraf, M. A., Hussain, I., Shafiq, F., Yousaf, A., & Zaheer, A. (2018). Glycine betaine counteracts the inhibitory effects of waterlogging on growth, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative defence system, nutrient composition, and fruit quality in tomato. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 93(4), 385–391.
Rasool, G., & Arslan, N. (2019). Current status and challenges to sugarcane crop in Pakistan: A review. Advances in Agriculture and Biology, 2(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.63072/aab.19006
Rehman, A., Hassan, F., & Qamar, R. (2021). Application of plant growth promoters on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) budchip under subtropical conditions. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 9(1), 1–10.
Rehman, A., Qamar, R., Safdar, M. E., Rehman, A. U., Ahmad, S., Nadeem, M. A., & Hassan, M. U. (2022). Role of plant growth promoters on sugarcane production propagated through budchips in Semiarid Region of Pakistan. Journal of Plant and Environment, 3(2), 137–146.
Ryan, J., Estefan, G., & Rashid, A. (2001). Soil and plant analysis laboratory manual. ICARDA.
Sanghera, G. S., Kumar, R., Tyagi, V., Thind, K. S., & Sharma, B. (2015). Genetic divergence among elite sugarcane clones (Saccharum officinarum L.) based on cane yield and quality traits from northern India. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 3(2), 184-190.
Shahzad, K., Bakht, J., Shah, W. A., Shafi, M., & Jabeen, N. (2002). Yield and yield components of various wheat cultivars as affected by different sowing dates. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 1(5), 522–525.
Shehab, G. G., Ahmed, O. K., & El-Beltagi, H. S. (2010). Effects of various chemical agents for alleviation of drought stress in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38(1), 139–148.
Singh, R., Singh, W., & Choudhary, A. (2014). Nursery raising with high density sugarcane transplanting. Indian Farming, 64, 31–34.
Steel, R. G. D. (1997). Analysis of variance I: The one-way classification. In Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach (pp. 139–203). McGraw-Hill.
Verbruggen, N., & Hermans, C. (2008). Proline accumulation in plants: A review. Amino Acids, 35, 753–759.
Watanabe, S., Kojima, K., Ide, Y., & Sasaki, S. (2000). Effects of saline and osmotic stress on proline and sugar accumulation in Populus euphratica in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 63(3), 199–206.
Willadino, L., Filho, R. A. D. O., Silva Junior, E. A. D., Neto, A. G., & Camara, T. R. (2011). Estresse salino em duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar: Enzimas do sistema antioxidativo e fluorescência da clorofila. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 42, 417–422.
Zgallaï, H., Steppe, K., & Lemeur, R. (2006). Effects of different levels of water stress on leaf water potential, stomatal resistance, protein and chlorophyll content and certain anti-oxidative enzymes in tomato plants. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 48(6), 679–685.
Zhang, Y., Ou, Y. G., & Mou, X. W. (2009). The study on the rake bar chain lifter leaving lift problem. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 31, 45–47.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All articles published by JPAA are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License . This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited as specified by the Creative Commons Attribution License.
