Solanum nigrum Linn: An analysis of the therapeutic properties of plant

Abstract

Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) is an indigenous medicinal plant that has been utilized in traditional medical systems for ages. S. nigrum includes bioactive substances such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins, according to phytochemical research. Extracts and isolated chemicals indicate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, immune-stimulating, therapeutic, and heart-protective effects. S. nigrum extracts, in particular, limit cancer cell growth, minimize chemically induced organ damage, alter immunological function, and provide protection against oxidative stress, according to animal and cell culture studies. S. nigrum has traditionally been used for the prevention of symptoms such as discomfort, inflammation, infections, and problems with the gastrointestinal tract. While preliminary research suggests that S. nigrum has therapeutic potential, more phytochemical, toxicological, and epidemiological investigations are needed to fully characterize its efficacy, safety, bioactive components, mechanisms of action, and transpose folk practices into scientifically supported medicinal applications. Overall, this comprehensive study reveals the varied therapeutic qualities of S. nigrum that demand further exploration. It is important to note that further research is still needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and evaluate its safety and efficacy in humans.