Exploring the Role of Hidden Curriculum in Context of Promoting Citizenship Values at Elementary Level

Abstract

The present study is carried out to explore the Role of Hidden Curriculum in the context of Promoting Citizenship Values at elementary level in District Mardan. The main objective of the study was; to investigate the uses of hidden curriculum for development of citizenship values in primary level. The stratified random sample was applied for collection of data from respondents i.e. Primary Schools Heads and Primary Schools Teachers (PSTs). The sample of the study was composed up of 205 primary schools teachers and primary schools heads. The data was collected for quantitative research through five point likert scale. The questionnaire was consisted of 15 items. The items of the questionnaire were tested for validity and reliability by the research tools masters. The technique of Cronbach’s alpha was utilized for calculating reliability of the research tool. The calculated reliability was found 0.832. Major findings of the study showed that: students at primary level developed their citizenship values to maximum level. The learners at this vital learning stage have implicitly and explicitly displayed a good overall effect on their citizenship values. The results further stressed that hidden curriculum should be valuable attention and real practices for achievement of desired objectives.