PJE

Relationship Among Happiness, Life Satisfaction and Resilience in University Students

Fauzia Malik, Saima Sajjad — Wed, 05 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The present study seeks to explain the interactive and relative effects
of happiness, life satisfaction and resilience among university students in
Pakistan. Basic objective of this research was to find out the relationship
between happiness, life satisfaction and resilience, further to investigate
the level of resilience, happiness and life satisfaction among male and
female students. Disproportionate stratified sampling technique was used
to select 400 university students (male=200, female=200) from the
universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The study was conducted in
two phases. In phase-I pilot study was conducted and in phase-II main
study was administered. The data for the study was collected through
stratified random sampling technique and three reliable instrument used
were; Oxford Happiness Scale (1990), Life satisfaction scale (1985) and
Resilience Scale (1993). Data was analyzed using statistical techniques
like Pearson correlation; Independent sample t-test was used. Results of
the study indicated a significant inverse relationship between the
variables of resilience and happiness (r=-.472**) where female students
were happier than male students (M + SD= 109.8442 + 15.45855) and a
significant inverse relationship between life satisfaction and resilience
(r=-.112*
) among male and female university students. The results also
indicated that females are more satisfied with life than males (M + SD=
23.3810 + 5.64858). It was also found that there were significant gender
differences in university student’s scores on resilience scale (M + SD=
79.4201 + 26.55817). Males were found to be more resilient than
females. The findings of the present study have implications for students’
counseling, awareness and therapy. It was recommended that the training
of the students should also be done so that they deal with life events and
circumstances effectively while maintaining their psychological health.

School Bullying and Empathy among Preadolescents: A Correlational Study

Najia Zulfiqar, Asma Bibi, Somayia Hafeez — Tue, 04 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between
school bullying and empathy among preadolescents. Bullying was studied
across three dimensions of being a bully, victim, and fighting, whereas
empathy was examined as a unidimensional construct. Data were
collected from preadolescents between ages 10-12 years in District
Haripur. Descriptive statistics, frequencies/percentages, correlation, and
t-tests were performed. The findings showed that there is a negative
relationship between school bullying and empathy, and less empathic
preadolescents were more tended to bully and fight more than more
empathic. An equal number of participants reported fighting with others
and bullying them in one last month. However, a large majority reported
being the victims of bullying 7 or more times in the last 30 days (52,
36.4%). The level of empathy was in the moderate to high range among
178 students and low among 22 students. Boys scored higher on all
dimensions of bullying and were less empathic than girls. These findings
highlight the need for the screening, prevention, and intervention of school
bullying. Can help teachers, parents, school administrators, and counselors
to eradicate aggressive behavior.

Online Classes Design and Delivery Based on Student Responses

Surya Prakasa Rao, Vasanth Kumar Mohan, Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu — Tue, 04 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Covid -19 has made a series changes in all system of life especially
in education. As a result, education has changed dramatically with the
distinctive rise of e-learning. The present study was aim to examine the
preference and perception of MBBS student on newly introduced online
live video classes. Methods: For this purpose, an online questionnaire
survey consisting of closed and open-ended questions on nine different
categories such as accessing online video content, previous experience
with online learning, interaction with video lectures addressing the
content, duration, visualise, timings and screen size, perceived learning
experience, the online content learning assessment methods and the
experience with the online learning management system. Two hundred
and thirteen undergraduate medical students were participating in this
study. And it was conducted by the large medical institution in Andhra
Pradesh. Results and conclusions: From the results the e learning
methods was encouraged and its gaining popularity among the medical
students and faculty only 2.3 % were not satisfied with the online classes
on comparison to the traditional methods of learning. But the usefulness
and acceptability of e-learning among medical students as a part of their
curriculum is still not fathomed in medical education.

Sociocultural Barriers to Empowerment of Female University Teachers: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

Fouzia Shahin, Ra’ana Malik — Tue, 04 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to build an indigenous scale for measuring
sociocultural barriers impeding female academics' empowerment in public
universities in Punjab. For this objective, the researcher explored the
sociocultural factors impacting female teachers' empowerment status
while focusing on the personal, family, workplace, and public domains. A
5-point Likert scale questionnaire was prepared. After pretesting, 21 items
were retained for conducting an Exploratory Factor Analysis. A sample
was selected through simple random sampling from public universities in
Punjab, and data were collected from 224 female academics through
Online Survey. Using SPSS (version 25), EFA grouped items into four
factors: (a) workplace harassment, (b) coercion on personal decisions, (c)
domestic violence, and (d) negative public attitude. The cumulative scores
on these four factors were added to the Sociocultural Barriers scale. All
factors contributed to measuring the construct of sociocultural barriers as
there was a positive correlation between factors and total scale scores.
However, a weaker inter-factorial correlation indicated the mutual
independence of each component. Scale reliability was α= 0.83, and the
range of Alpha Coefficients for factors varied between 0.90-0.85.

Relationship between Academic Perfectionism and Depression: Role of Self Concealment among Students

Salma Malik, Saba Ghayas, Shaista Khalid — Tue, 04 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The mediational role of self-concealment in relationship with
Academic Perfectionism and Depression is explored in the present study.
A sample of students (N=200) was taken from various departments of the

University of Sargodha using a purposive sampling technique. Self-
concealment, academic perfectionism and depression were measured by

using Urdu translated Self-Concealment Scale (SCS; Malik & Ghayas,
2014) Academic Perfectionism Scale (APS; Malik & Ghayas, 2014) and
Urdu translated depression subscale of DASS (Farooqi & Habib, 2010)
respectively. Results indicated the academic perfectionism as a
significant positive predictor of self-concealment and depression.
Furthermore, data analysis revealed that self-concealment was a
significant positive predictor of depression among university students.
The results of this study also indicated that self-concealment also plays
the role of a mediator in the relationship between perfectionism and
depression. Non-significant gender differences were found in depression
among university students. Moreover, the current study yielded that the
level of self-concealment was higher among males than females, whereas
the level of academic perfectionism was higher among females as
compared to males.