اردوغزل پر متصوفانہ تعلیمات کے اثرات

(ولی دکنی تا اکبر الہ آبادی)

Abstract

A survey of Urdu ghazal from the period of Wali Dakhni to Akbar Allahabadi shows a strong and continuous presence of Sufi thought expressed through poetry. The ghazal written between this time frame of about two hundred years, reflects several important mystical concepts such as concealment of faults (pardahposhi), Effacement of the self (Nafs kushi), devotion to the spirtual guide, faith in blessings gained through service to sufi saints, withdrawal from worldly affairs, Sacred wonders of the sufi saints, spirtual authority (Tassarruf), and reliance in God (Tawakkul). These themes represent the teachings and practices of the Sufi tradition and demostrate the deep connection between poetry and Sufism.

Many poets like Wali Dakhni, Siraj Orangabadi, Zahoor uddin Hatim, and Meer taqi Meer, Khawaja Haider Ali Atish, Bekhud Dehlvi, Mustafa Khan Shefta and Akbar Allahabadi skillfully incarporated these elements into their verses. For instance, Wali Dakhni referred to well known Sufi texts, while Shakir Naji mentioned the names of Sufi orders and emenent saints in his ghazal. This study examines and analyzes such selected verses in detail, highlighting both their thematic richness and artistic excellenc.