منتخب تفاسیر کی روشنی میں مال غنیمت کے احکام ( بین الاقوامی معاہدات کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ )

The Rulings on Spoils of War in the Light of Selected Quranic Commentaries: An Analytical Study in the Context of International Treaties.

Abstract

Islamic Shariah encompasses a comprehensive system that not only elaborates on spiritual beliefs and moral conduct but also provides detailed regulations concerning military affairs. One of the key areas within Islamic military jurisprudence is the concept of Ghanimah (spoils of war), which refers to the wealth and assets acquired through lawful warfare. These rulings are grounded in both the Qur’an and Sunnah, and have been extensively discussed by classical Islamic jurists (fuqaha), who have outlined the principles governing the collection, distribution, and rightful ownership of such spoils. In addition to the jurists, several renowned exegetes (mufassirun), most notably Imam Al-Jassas in his Ahkam al-Qur’an and Imam Al-Qurtubi in his Al-Jami' li Ahkam al-Qur’an, have addressed the issue of Ghanimah within their Qur’anic commentaries.

Their interpretations provide a legalistic and contextual understanding of the relevant verses, highlighting the balance between justice, ethics, and the practical needs of warfare in an Islamic framework. This article aims to conduct a thorough examination of the Islamic legal rulings related to Ghanimah by exploring the opinions of classical jurists alongside selected exegeses. Qualitative Method has been employed in this research. After the study, it is concluded that the rulings on spoils of war need to be adapted to the contemporary context. It is recommended that students of Islamic jurisprudence further advance their research in this regard.