فقہائے احناف کے ہاں آ ثار صحابہ سے استدلال اور عمل صحابی و خبر واحد میں ترجیح کے اصول

Shariah Ruling from the Athar e Sahabah and principles of Preference Between the Actions of a Companions of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and Khabar Wahid According to the Hanafi Jurists

Abstract

The views of the Companions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) are highly influential in both Islamic theological and legal traditions. Their sayings, actions, and interpretations of legal matters—often referred to as the athar of the Companions—are considered crucial sources of Islamic law, alongside the Qur'an and Sunnah.

This study explores the nature and principles of preference between the Āthār al-Ṣaḥābah) and Khabar Wāḥid within the framework of Hanafi jurisprudence. The Hanafi school, known for its methodical and rational approach to legal interpretation, gives significant weight to both categories of evidence but applies distinct criteria when resolving apparent conflicts between them. Āthār al-Ṣaḥābah hold a prominent position due to the Companions' direct engagement with the Prophet (PBUH) and their practical understanding of Islamic law. However, Khabar Wāḥid, is accepted when it meets conditions of authenticity and reliability. This paper examines the foundational principles the Hanafi jurists employ in evaluating the credibility and applicability of these sources.The analysis demonstrates how preference is given to the Āthār al-Ṣaḥābahin and Khabar Wāḥid in cases where they provide clearer guidance on legal matters. This approach underscores the Hanafi school's commitment to a balanced interpretation of Islamic jurisprudence, ensuring coherence and continuity within the legal framework.